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1 deterioration factor
показатель ухудшения
(характеристик или свойств)
[ http://slovarionline.ru/anglo_russkiy_slovar_neftegazovoy_promyishlennosti/]Тематики
EN
Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > deterioration factor
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2 deterioration factor
(df) <tech.gen> (mechanical deterioration, wear) ■ Verschleißfaktor m(df) <mvhcl.emiss> ■ Verschlechterungsfaktor m -
3 deterioration factor
Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > deterioration factor
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4 deterioration factor
* * *
* * *Англо-русский словарь нефтегазовой промышленности > deterioration factor
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5 deterioration factor
2) Реклама: фактор ухудшения -
6 deterioration factor
Англо-русский словарь по машиностроению > deterioration factor
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7 deterioration factor
The English-Russian dictionary on reliability and quality control > deterioration factor
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8 factor
фактор; коэффициент; множитель; показатель
* * *
1. фактор2. показатель; коэффициент; множитель
* * *
фактор, коэффициент, множитель
* * *
фактор, множитель
* * *
1) фактор; составной элемент2) показатель; коэффициент; множитель•- factor of porosity
- factor of saturation
- ability factor
- absorption factor
- acceleration factor
- activity factor
- anisotropic factor
- anisotropy factor
- apparent formation factor
- apparent metal factor
- array factor
- atmospheric gas factor
- availability factor
- availability degradation factor
- balance factor
- borehole geometric factor
- bubble-point gas-in-oil solubility factor
- buffer factor
- calculated gas factor
- capacity factor
- catalyst carbon factor
- catalyst gas factor
- cement shrinkage factor
- cementation factor
- change rate factor
- characteristic factors
- characterization factors
- coagulation factor
- coke-permeability factor
- compacting factor
- compressibility factor
- condensate recovery factor
- corrosion factor
- coverage factor
- criticality factor
- degradation factor
- demand factor
- dependability factor
- derating factor
- derrick efficiency factor
- design factor
- design load factor
- detectability factor
- deterioration factor
- deviation factor
- drainage-recovery factor
- duty factor
- effective porosity factor
- engineering factors
- exposure factor
- failure factor
- failure rate acceleration factor
- fatigue factor
- fault factor
- fault coverage factor
- field-geological factor
- field-usage factor
- filtration factor
- flow resistance factor
- flowing gas factor
- formation factor
- formation cementation factor
- formation compressibility factor
- formation drillability factor
- formation porosity factor
- formation pressure conductivity factor
- formation resistivity factor
- formation volume factor
- freeze-proof factor
- gas factor
- gas-compressibility factor
- gas-deviation factor
- gas-formation volume factor
- gas-in-oil solubility factor
- gas-input factor
- gas-in-water solubility factor
- gas-producing factor
- gas-recovery factor
- gas-saturation factor
- geological factor
- geometrical divergence factor
- geometrical formation factor
- geometrical factor
- geotectonical factor
- gradient correction factor
- hydrogeological factor
- inherent reliability factor
- initial gas-in-oil solubility factor
- input gas factor
- instantaneous gas factor
- integrated pseudogeometrical factor
- invariable gas factor
- invasion factor
- life factor
- limit load factor
- limiting formation factor
- lithological factor
- lithological-and-temperature factor
- load factor
- maintainability factor
- maintenance factor
- maintenance priority factor
- maintenance replacement factor
- modal attenuation factor
- Murphree efficiency factor
- oil recovery factor
- oil saturation factor
- oil shrinkage factor
- oil formation volume factor
- operating gas factor
- operational factor
- output factor
- output gas factor
- packing factor
- permeability stratification factor
- plate efficiency factor
- porosity stratification factor
- pressure conductivity factor
- pressure loss factor
- productivity factor
- pseudogeometrical factor
- radial geometrical factor
- radial pseudogeometrical factor
- readiness factor
- real gas factor
- recovery factor
- redundancy improvement factor
- reflection factor
- reflectivity factor
- reliability factor
- reliability improvement factor
- repair efficiency factor
- repairability factor
- replacement factor
- reserve factor
- reservoir factor
- reservoir volume factor
- residual gas saturation factor
- residual oil saturation factor
- residual water saturation factor
- restorability factor
- retardation factor
- rope safety factor
- safe-load factor
- safety factor
- service factor
- severity factor
- single-phase oil formation volume factor
- sliding factor
- solubility factor
- sonic compaction correction factor
- stabilization factor
- static safety factor
- steam-zone shape factor
- stratigraphical factor
- strength factor
- structure factor
- technical replacement factor
- temperature factor
- testability factor
- total gas factor
- total oil formation volume factor
- toughness factor
- two-phase oil formation volume factor
- ultimate gas recovery factor
- ultimate oil recovery factor
- unification factor
- unit geometrical factor
- use degradation factor
- utilization factor
- viscosity factor
- void factor
- warning factor
- water encroachment factor
- water formation volume factor
- water saturation factor
- wear-out factor
- well flow factor
- well productivity factor
- zero viscosity factor* * *• фактор -
9 deterioration
изнашивание; износ; срабатывание; повреждение; порча; разрушение; загрязнение (смеси); ухудшение качества (напр. оборудования); истирание (напр. инструмента); амортизация; изнашивание; износ; старение (материала); окисление (крекинг-бензина)- deterioration defect - deterioration factor - deterioration failure - deterioration function - deterioration in reliability - deterioration in storage - deterioration law - deterioration of metal surface - deterioration of precision - deterioration of properties - deterioration rate - deterioration symptom - catalyst deterioration - colour deterioration - component deterioration - environmental deterioration - equipment deterioration - paint layer deterioration - performance deterioration - physico-chemical deterioration - surface deterioration - tool deterioration -
10 derating factor
- показатель ухудшения
- коэффициент снижения номинальных параметров
- коэффициент снижения мощности электростанции
- коэффициент облегчения режима
коэффициент облегчения режима
степень занижения нагрузки
—
[Л.Г.Суменко. Англо-русский словарь по информационным технологиям. М.: ГП ЦНИИС, 2003.]Тематики
Синонимы
EN
коэффициент снижения мощности электростанции
—
[А.С.Гольдберг. Англо-русский энергетический словарь. 2006 г.]Тематики
EN
коэффициент снижения номинальных параметров
Уменьшающий фактор, указанный на информационной табличке, который учитывает уменьшение производительности из-за неидеальной нефтяной пленки или в силу условий окружающей среды.
[ ГОСТ Р 53389-2009]Тематики
Обобщающие термины
- восстановление
- терминология, относящаяся к рабочим характеристикам
EN
показатель ухудшения
(характеристик или свойств)
[ http://slovarionline.ru/anglo_russkiy_slovar_neftegazovoy_promyishlennosti/]Тематики
EN
Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > derating factor
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11 показатель ухудшения
Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > показатель ухудшения
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12 cost
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13 cost
1. n1) цена; стоимость; себестоимость2) обыкн. pl расходы, издержки, затраты3) pl судебные издержки, судебные расходы
- absorbed costs
- accident costs
- acquisition cost
- actual cost
- actual costs
- actual manufacturing cost
- added cost
- additional cost
- adjusted historical cost
- administration costs
- administrative costs
- administrative and management costs
- administrative and operational services costs
- advertising costs
- after costs
- after-shipment costs
- aggregate costs
- agreed cost
- airfreight cost
- allocable costs
- allowable costs
- alternative costs
- amortization costs
- amortized cost
- ancillary costs
- annual costs
- anticipated costs
- applied cost
- arbitration costs
- assembly costs
- assessed cost
- average cost
- average costs
- average cost per unit
- average variable costs
- avoidable costs
- back-order costs
- basic cost
- billed cost
- book cost
- borrowing cost
- breakage cost
- break-even costs
- budget costs
- budgeted cost
- budgeted costs
- budgeted operating costs
- building costs
- burden costs
- calculated costs
- capacity costs
- capital costs
- capital floatation costs
- carriage costs
- carrying cost
- carrying costs
- centrally-managed costs
- changeover costs
- cleaning costs
- clerical costs
- closing costs
- collection costs
- combined cost
- commercial cost
- commercial costs
- committed costs
- common staff costs
- comparative costs
- competitive costs
- competitive marginal costs
- complaint costs
- conditional cost
- consequential costs
- considerable costs
- constant cost
- constant costs
- construction costs
- contract cost
- contractual costs
- controllable costs
- court costs
- crane costs
- credit costs
- cumulative costs
- current cost
- current costs
- current outlay costs
- current standard cost
- cycle inventory costs
- debt-servicing costs
- declining costs
- decorating costs
- decreasing costs
- defect costs
- defence costs
- deferred costs
- deficiency costs
- degressive costs
- delivery costs
- departmental costs
- depleted cost
- depreciable cost
- depreciated cost
- depreciated replacement cost
- depreciation costs
- designing costs
- deterioration costs
- development costs
- differential costs
- direct costs
- direct labour costs
- direct operating costs
- direct payroll costs
- discretionary fixed costs
- dismantling costs
- distribution costs
- distribution marketing cost
- domestic resource costs
- double-weighted borrowing cost
- downtime costs
- economic costs
- eligible costs
- engineering costs
- entry cost
- environmental costs
- equipment capital costs
- erection costs
- escalating costs
- escapable costs
- estimated cost
- estimated costs
- evaluation cost
- excess cost
- excess costs
- excessive costs
- exhibition costs
- exploration costs
- extra costs
- extra and extraordinary costs
- extraordinary costs
- fabrication cost
- factor cost
- factor costs
- factory cost
- factory costs
- factory overhead costs
- failure costs
- farm production costs
- farmer's cost
- farming costs
- feed costs
- fertilizing costs
- final cost
- financial costs
- financing costs
- first cost
- fixed costs
- fixed capital replacement costs
- flat cost
- floatation costs
- food costs
- foreign housing costs
- formation costs
- freight costs
- fuel costs
- full cost
- full costs
- funding cost
- general costs
- general running costs
- government-controlled production costs
- guarantee costs
- harvesting costs
- haul costs
- haulage costs
- heavy costs
- hedging cost
- hidden costs
- high cost
- hiring costs
- historical cost
- hospitality costs
- hotel costs
- hourly costs
- idle capacity costs
- idle time costs
- implicit costs
- implied interest costs
- imputed costs
- incidental costs
- increasing costs
- incremental costs
- incremental cost of capital
- incremental costs of circulation
- incremental costs of service
- incurred costs
- indirect costs
- indirect labour costs
- indirect manufacturing costs
- indirect payroll costs
- indirect production costs
- individual costs
- industrial costs
- industry-average costs
- initial cost
- inland freight cost
- inspection costs
- installation costs
- insurance costs
- insured cost
- intangible costs
- integrated cost
- interest costs
- inventoriable costs
- inventory cost
- inventory costs
- inventory acquisition costs
- inventory possession costs
- investigation costs
- investment costs
- invoiced cost
- issuing cost
- joint cost
- labour costs
- landed cost
- launching cost
- launching costs
- layoff costs
- legal costs
- legitimate costs
- life cycle costs
- life repair cost
- liquidation cost
- litigation costs
- living costs
- loading costs
- loan cost
- long-run average costs
- long-run marginal costs
- low costs
- low operating costs
- lump-sum costs
- machining cost
- maintenance costs
- maintenance-and-repair costs
- management costs
- man-power cost
- man-power costs
- manufacturing cost
- manufacturing costs
- manufacturing overhead costs
- marginal costs
- marginal-factor costs
- maritime costs
- marketing costs
- material costs
- material handling costs
- merchandising costs
- miscellaneous costs
- mixed cost
- mounting costs
- net cost
- nominal cost
- nonmanufacturing costs
- obsolescence costs
- offering cost
- one-off costs
- one-off costs of acquiring land, buildings and equipment
- one-shot costs
- operating costs
- operation costs
- operational costs
- opportunity costs
- order cost
- ordering cost
- order initiation cost
- ordinary costs
- organization costs
- organizational costs
- original cost
- original cost of the assets
- original cost of capital
- out-of-pocket costs
- overall cost
- overall costs
- overhead costs
- overtime costs
- own costs
- owning costs
- packaging cost
- packing cost
- past costs
- past sunk costs
- payroll cost
- payroll costs
- penalty cost
- penalty costs
- period costs
- permissible costs
- personnel costs
- piece costs
- planned costs
- postponable costs
- predetermined costs
- prepaid costs
- preproduction costs
- prime cost
- processing costs
- procurement costs
- product cost
- production cost
- production costs
- product unit cost
- progress-generating costs
- progressive costs
- prohibitive costs
- project costs
- project development cost
- projected costs
- promotional costs
- protected costs
- publicity costs
- purchase costs
- purchasing costs
- pure costs of circulation
- quality costs
- quality-inspection costs
- real cost
- real costs
- recall costs
- reconstruction cost
- recoverable cost
- recurring costs
- reduction costs
- reimbursable cost
- relative cost
- relevant costs
- removal costs
- renewal cost
- reoperating costs
- reoperation costs
- reorder cost
- repair cost
- repair costs
- replacement cost
- replacement costs
- replacement cost at market rates
- replacement cost of borrowing
- replacement cost of capital assets
- replacement cost of equipment
- replacement depreciation cost
- replenishment cost
- reproduction cost
- reproduction costs
- research costs
- research and development costs
- reservation costs
- rework costs
- rising costs
- road maintenance costs
- running costs
- run-on costs
- salvage cost
- salvage costs
- scheduled costs
- scrap cost
- selling costs
- semi-variable costs
- service costs
- servicing costs
- setting-up costs
- set-up costs
- shadow costs
- shelter costs
- shipping costs
- shortage costs
- single cost
- social costs
- social marginal costs
- social overhead costs
- sorting costs
- special costs
- specification costs
- spoilage costs
- staff costs
- stand costs
- standard cost
- standard costs
- standard direct labour costs
- standard direct materials cost
- standard factory overhead cost
- standing costs
- start-up costs
- stepped costs
- stocking cost
- stockout costs
- storage costs
- sunk costs
- supervision costs
- supplementary costs
- supplementary costs of circulation
- tangible costs
- target cost
- target costs
- taxable cost of shares
- tentative cost
- time-related cost
- total cost
- training cost
- training costs
- transaction costs
- transfer costs
- transhipment costs
- transport costs
- transportation costs
- travel costs
- travelling costs
- trim costs
- true cost
- true costs
- trust cost
- unamortized cost
- unavoidable costs
- underwriting cost
- unexpired costs
- unit cost
- unit costs
- unloading costs
- unrecovered cost
- unscheduled costs
- upkeep costs
- upward costs
- utility's costs
- variable costs
- variable capital costs
- wage costs
- war costs
- warehouse costs
- warehousing costs
- weighted average cost
- welfare costs
- wintering costs
- working cost
- working costs
- costs for bunker
- costs for storing
- costs of administration
- cost of appraisal
- cost of arbitration
- cost of borrowing
- cost of boxing
- cost of bunker
- cost of capital
- cost of capital deeping
- cost of carriage
- cost of carry
- cost of carrying inventory
- costs of circulation
- cost of civil engineering work
- cost of construction
- cost of a contract
- cost of credit
- cost of delivery
- cost of demonstration
- cost of discounting
- cost of disposal
- cost of education
- cost of equipment
- cost of equity capital
- cost of filing
- cost of financing
- cost of fixed capital
- cost of funds
- cost of goods
- cost of haulage
- cost of hotel accommodation
- costs of housing
- costs of idleness
- cost of installation
- cost of insurance
- costs of inventory
- cost of issue
- cost of labour
- cost of a licence
- cost of living
- cost of manpower
- cost of manufacture
- cost of manufactured goods
- cost of manufacturing
- costs of material
- costs of material inputs
- cost of money
- cost of obtaining funds
- costs of operations
- cost of an order
- cost of packaging
- cost of packing
- cost of postage
- costs of production
- cost of product sold
- cost of a project
- cost of publication
- cost of putting goods into a saleable condition
- cost of reclamation
- cost of reinsurance
- costs of reliability
- cost of renting
- cost of renting a trading post
- cost of repairs
- costs of routine maintenance
- cost of sales
- costs of sales
- cost of scrap
- cost of service
- cost of servicing
- costs of shipping
- cost of storage
- cost of a suit
- costs of supervision
- cost of tare
- costs of trackage
- costs of transportation
- cost of work
- cost per inquiry
- costs per unit
- above cost
- at cost
- at the cost of
- at extra cost
- below cost
- less costs
- minus costs
- next to cost
- under cost
- with costs
- without regard to cost
- exclusive of costs
- free of cost
- cost of market, whichever is lower
- cost plus percentage of cost
- absorb costs
- allocate costs
- assess the cost
- assess costs
- assume costs
- award costs against smb.
- bear costs
- calculate costs
- charge cost
- compute the cost
- cover the cost
- cover costs
- curb costs
- curtail costs
- cut down on costs
- cut production costs
- decrease the cost
- defray the costs
- determine the cost
- disregard costs
- distort the cost
- distribute costs
- entail costs
- estimate costs
- exceed the cost
- impose costs
- increase cost
- incur costs
- inflict economic and social costs
- involve costs
- itemize costs
- keep down costs
- meet the cost
- meet costs
- offset the cost
- offset the costs
- offset high interest costs
- overestimate production costs
- pay costs
- prune away costs
- push up costs
- recompense the cost
- recoup the cost
- recover costs
- reduce costs
- refund the cost
- revise the cost
- save costs
- sell at a cost
- share the cost
- slash costs
- split up the cost
- trim costs
- write off costs
- write off costs against revenues
- write off capital costs2. v1) стоить -
14 degeneracy
1. n вырождение2. n дегенеративность3. n упадок, испорченностьСинонимический ряд:1. abasement (noun) abasement; debasement; depravation; inability; inferiority; meanness; wickedness2. deterioration (noun) atrophy; decadence; declension; declination; decline; degeneration; degringolade; deterioration; devaluation; devolution; downfall; downgrade; ruin -
15 decay
1. intransitive verb1) (become rotten) verrotten; [ver]faulen; [Zahn:] faul od. (fachspr.) kariös werden; [Gebäude:] zerfallen2) (decline) verfallen2. noun2) (decline) Verfall, der* * *[di'kei] 1. verb 2. noun(the act or process of decaying: tooth decay; in a state of decay.) der Verfall* * *de·cay[dɪˈkeɪ]death and \decay Tod und Untergangto be in a[n advanced] state of \decay in einem Zustand des [fortgeschrittenen] Zerfalls seinenvironmental \decay Verfall m der Umweltindustrial \decay Untergang m der Industriemental/moral \decay geistiger/moralischer Verfallurban \decay Verfall m der Städte, Niedergang m der Stadtkulturto fall into \decay verfallen\decay chain NUCL radioaktive ZerfallsreiheII. vi1. (deteriorate) verfallen2. BIOL verwesen, verfaulen, faulen; BOT verblühen, absterben; NUCL zerfallen, abklingen; PHYS zerfallenIII. vt▪ to \decay sth etw zerstören [o ruinieren]to \decay wood Holz morsch werden lassen* * *[dI'keɪ]1. vi1) (lit) verfallen; (PHYS) zerfallen; (= rot, dead body, flesh, vegetable matter) verwesen; (food) schlecht werden, verderben; (tooth) faulen, verfallen; (bones, wood) verfallen, morsch werden2) (fig) verfallen; (health also) sich verschlechtern; (beauty also) verblühen, vergehen; (civilization, race) untergehen; (friendship) auseinandergehen, zerfallen; (one's faculties) verkümmern; (business, family) herunterkommen2. vtfood schlecht werden lassen, verderben; tooth faulen lassen, schlecht werden lassen; wood morsch werden lassen3. n1) (lit: action) Verfall m; (PHYS) Zerfall m; (= rotting, of dead body, flesh, vegetable matter) Verwesung f; (of food) Schlechtwerden nt; (of bones, wood) Morschwerden nttooth decay — Zahnfäule f, Karies f
to fall into decay — in Verfall geraten, verfallen
3) (fig) Verfall m; (of friendship, civilization) Zerfall m; (of race, family, business) Untergang m; (of faculties) Verkümmern nt* * *decay [dıˈkeı]A v/i1. verfallen, in Verfall geraten, zugrunde gehen2. schwach oder kraftlos werden3. abnehmen, schwinden4. verwelken, absterben5. zerfallen, vermodern6. verfaulen, verwesen8. GEOL verwittern9. PHYS zerfallen (Radium etc)B s1. Verfall m:2. Verfall m, (Alters)Schwäche f3. Nieder-, Untergang m, Ruin m4. (ständiger) Rückgang5. Verwelken n6. Zerfall m, Vermodern n7. Verfaulen n, Verwesung f8. MED Faulen n, Schlechtwerden n (der Zähne)9. GEOL Verwitterung f10. PHYS Zerfall m (von Radium etc):decay product Zerfallsprodukt n* * *1. intransitive verb1) (become rotten) verrotten; [ver]faulen; [Zahn:] faul od. (fachspr.) kariös werden; [Gebäude:] zerfallen2) (decline) verfallen2. noun2) (decline) Verfall, der* * *v.sich zersetzen v.verfallen v.verwesen v. -
16 continuous current-carrying capacity
длительная пропускная способность по току
—
[Я.Н.Лугинский, М.С.Фези-Жилинская, Ю.С.Кабиров. Англо-русский словарь по электротехнике и электроэнергетике, Москва, 1999 г.]Тематики
- электротехника, основные понятия
EN
(длительный) допустимый ток
Максимальное значение электрического тока, который может протекать длительно по проводнику, устройству или аппарату при определенных условиях без превышения определенного значения их температуры в установившемся режиме
[ ГОСТ Р МЭК 60050-826-2009]
Этот ток обозначают IZ
[ ГОСТ Р 50571. 1-2009 ( МЭК 60364-1: 2005)]EN
(continuous) current-carrying capacity
ampacity (US)
maximum value of electric current which can be carried continuously by a conductor, a device or an apparatus, under specified conditions without its steady-state temperature exceeding a specified value
[IEV number 826-11-13]
ampacity
The current in amperes that a conductor can carry continuously under the conditions of use without exceeding its temperature rating.
[National Electrical Cod]FR
courant (permanent) admissible, m
valeur maximale du courant électrique qui peut parcourir en permanence, un conducteur, un dispositif ou un appareil, sans que sa température de régime permanent, dans des conditions données, soit supérieure à la valeur spécifiée
[IEV number 826-11-13]Ampacity, the term is defined as the maximum amount of current a cable can carry before sustaining immediate or progressive deterioration. Also described as current rating or current-carrying capacity, is the RMS electric current which a device can continuously carry while remaining within its temperature rating. The ampacity of a cable depends on:
- its insulation temperature rating;
- conductor electrical properties for current;
- frequency, in the case of alternating currents;
- ability to dissipate heat, which depends on cable geometry and its surroundings;
- ambient temperature.
Electric wires have some resistance, and electric current flowing through them causes voltage drop and power dissipation, which heats the cable. Copper or aluminum can conduct a large amount of current before melting, but long before the conductors melt, their insulation would be damaged by the heat.
The ampacity for a power cable is thus based on physical and electrical properties of the material & construction of the conductor and of its insulation, ambient temperature, and environmental conditions adjacent to the cable. Having a large overall surface area may dissipate heat well if the environment can absorb the heat.
In a long run of cable, different conditions govern, and installation regulations normally specify that the most severe condition along the run governs the cable's rating. Cables run in wet or oily locations may carry a lower temperature rating than in a dry installation. Derating is necessary for multiple circuits in close proximity. When multiple cables are near, each contributes heat to the others and diminishes the amount of cooling air that can flow past the individual cables. The overall ampacity of the insulated conductors in a bundle of more than 3 must be derated, whether in a raceway or cable. Usually the de-rating factor is tabulated in a nation's wiring regulations.
Depending on the type of insulating material, common maximum allowable temperatures at the surface of the conductor are 60, 75 and 90 degrees Celsius, often with an ambient air temperature of 30°C. In the U.S., 105°C is allowed with ambient of 40°C, for larger power cables, especially those operating at more than 2 kV. Likewise, specific insulations are rated 150, 200 or 250°C.
The allowed current in cables generally needs to be decreased (derated) when the cable is covered with fireproofing material.
For example, the United States National Electric Code, Table 310-16, specifies that up to three 8 AWG copper wires having a common insulating material (THWN) in a raceway, cable, or direct burial has an ampacity of 50 A when the ambient air is 30°C, the conductor surface temperature allowed to be 75°C. A single insulated conductor in air has 70 A rating.
Ampacity rating is normally for continuous current, and short periods of overcurrent occur without harm in most cabling systems. The acceptable magnitude and duration of overcurrent is a more complex topic than ampacity.
When designing an electrical system, one will normally need to know the current rating for the following:- Wires
- Printed Circuit Board traces, where included
- Fuses
- Circuit breakers
- All or nearly all components used
Some devices are limited by power rating, and when this power rating occurs below their current limit, it is not necessary to know the current limit to design a system. A common example of this is lightbulb holders.
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampacity]
Тематики
- электротехника, основные понятия
Синонимы
EN
DE
- Dauerstrombelastbarkeit, f
- Strombelastbarkeit, f
FR
- courant admissible, m
- courant permanent admissible, m
Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > continuous current-carrying capacity
-
17 ampacity (US)
(длительный) допустимый ток
Максимальное значение электрического тока, который может протекать длительно по проводнику, устройству или аппарату при определенных условиях без превышения определенного значения их температуры в установившемся режиме
[ ГОСТ Р МЭК 60050-826-2009]
Этот ток обозначают IZ
[ ГОСТ Р 50571. 1-2009 ( МЭК 60364-1: 2005)]EN
(continuous) current-carrying capacity
ampacity (US)
maximum value of electric current which can be carried continuously by a conductor, a device or an apparatus, under specified conditions without its steady-state temperature exceeding a specified value
[IEV number 826-11-13]
ampacity
The current in amperes that a conductor can carry continuously under the conditions of use without exceeding its temperature rating.
[National Electrical Cod]FR
courant (permanent) admissible, m
valeur maximale du courant électrique qui peut parcourir en permanence, un conducteur, un dispositif ou un appareil, sans que sa température de régime permanent, dans des conditions données, soit supérieure à la valeur spécifiée
[IEV number 826-11-13]Ampacity, the term is defined as the maximum amount of current a cable can carry before sustaining immediate or progressive deterioration. Also described as current rating or current-carrying capacity, is the RMS electric current which a device can continuously carry while remaining within its temperature rating. The ampacity of a cable depends on:
- its insulation temperature rating;
- conductor electrical properties for current;
- frequency, in the case of alternating currents;
- ability to dissipate heat, which depends on cable geometry and its surroundings;
- ambient temperature.
Electric wires have some resistance, and electric current flowing through them causes voltage drop and power dissipation, which heats the cable. Copper or aluminum can conduct a large amount of current before melting, but long before the conductors melt, their insulation would be damaged by the heat.
The ampacity for a power cable is thus based on physical and electrical properties of the material & construction of the conductor and of its insulation, ambient temperature, and environmental conditions adjacent to the cable. Having a large overall surface area may dissipate heat well if the environment can absorb the heat.
In a long run of cable, different conditions govern, and installation regulations normally specify that the most severe condition along the run governs the cable's rating. Cables run in wet or oily locations may carry a lower temperature rating than in a dry installation. Derating is necessary for multiple circuits in close proximity. When multiple cables are near, each contributes heat to the others and diminishes the amount of cooling air that can flow past the individual cables. The overall ampacity of the insulated conductors in a bundle of more than 3 must be derated, whether in a raceway or cable. Usually the de-rating factor is tabulated in a nation's wiring regulations.
Depending on the type of insulating material, common maximum allowable temperatures at the surface of the conductor are 60, 75 and 90 degrees Celsius, often with an ambient air temperature of 30°C. In the U.S., 105°C is allowed with ambient of 40°C, for larger power cables, especially those operating at more than 2 kV. Likewise, specific insulations are rated 150, 200 or 250°C.
The allowed current in cables generally needs to be decreased (derated) when the cable is covered with fireproofing material.
For example, the United States National Electric Code, Table 310-16, specifies that up to three 8 AWG copper wires having a common insulating material (THWN) in a raceway, cable, or direct burial has an ampacity of 50 A when the ambient air is 30°C, the conductor surface temperature allowed to be 75°C. A single insulated conductor in air has 70 A rating.
Ampacity rating is normally for continuous current, and short periods of overcurrent occur without harm in most cabling systems. The acceptable magnitude and duration of overcurrent is a more complex topic than ampacity.
When designing an electrical system, one will normally need to know the current rating for the following:- Wires
- Printed Circuit Board traces, where included
- Fuses
- Circuit breakers
- All or nearly all components used
Some devices are limited by power rating, and when this power rating occurs below their current limit, it is not necessary to know the current limit to design a system. A common example of this is lightbulb holders.
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampacity]
Тематики
- электротехника, основные понятия
Синонимы
EN
DE
- Dauerstrombelastbarkeit, f
- Strombelastbarkeit, f
FR
- courant admissible, m
- courant permanent admissible, m
Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > ampacity (US)
-
18 continuous current
(длительный) допустимый ток
Максимальное значение электрического тока, который может протекать длительно по проводнику, устройству или аппарату при определенных условиях без превышения определенного значения их температуры в установившемся режиме
[ ГОСТ Р МЭК 60050-826-2009]
Этот ток обозначают IZ
[ ГОСТ Р 50571. 1-2009 ( МЭК 60364-1: 2005)]EN
(continuous) current-carrying capacity
ampacity (US)
maximum value of electric current which can be carried continuously by a conductor, a device or an apparatus, under specified conditions without its steady-state temperature exceeding a specified value
[IEV number 826-11-13]
ampacity
The current in amperes that a conductor can carry continuously under the conditions of use without exceeding its temperature rating.
[National Electrical Cod]FR
courant (permanent) admissible, m
valeur maximale du courant électrique qui peut parcourir en permanence, un conducteur, un dispositif ou un appareil, sans que sa température de régime permanent, dans des conditions données, soit supérieure à la valeur spécifiée
[IEV number 826-11-13]Ampacity, the term is defined as the maximum amount of current a cable can carry before sustaining immediate or progressive deterioration. Also described as current rating or current-carrying capacity, is the RMS electric current which a device can continuously carry while remaining within its temperature rating. The ampacity of a cable depends on:
- its insulation temperature rating;
- conductor electrical properties for current;
- frequency, in the case of alternating currents;
- ability to dissipate heat, which depends on cable geometry and its surroundings;
- ambient temperature.
Electric wires have some resistance, and electric current flowing through them causes voltage drop and power dissipation, which heats the cable. Copper or aluminum can conduct a large amount of current before melting, but long before the conductors melt, their insulation would be damaged by the heat.
The ampacity for a power cable is thus based on physical and electrical properties of the material & construction of the conductor and of its insulation, ambient temperature, and environmental conditions adjacent to the cable. Having a large overall surface area may dissipate heat well if the environment can absorb the heat.
In a long run of cable, different conditions govern, and installation regulations normally specify that the most severe condition along the run governs the cable's rating. Cables run in wet or oily locations may carry a lower temperature rating than in a dry installation. Derating is necessary for multiple circuits in close proximity. When multiple cables are near, each contributes heat to the others and diminishes the amount of cooling air that can flow past the individual cables. The overall ampacity of the insulated conductors in a bundle of more than 3 must be derated, whether in a raceway or cable. Usually the de-rating factor is tabulated in a nation's wiring regulations.
Depending on the type of insulating material, common maximum allowable temperatures at the surface of the conductor are 60, 75 and 90 degrees Celsius, often with an ambient air temperature of 30°C. In the U.S., 105°C is allowed with ambient of 40°C, for larger power cables, especially those operating at more than 2 kV. Likewise, specific insulations are rated 150, 200 or 250°C.
The allowed current in cables generally needs to be decreased (derated) when the cable is covered with fireproofing material.
For example, the United States National Electric Code, Table 310-16, specifies that up to three 8 AWG copper wires having a common insulating material (THWN) in a raceway, cable, or direct burial has an ampacity of 50 A when the ambient air is 30°C, the conductor surface temperature allowed to be 75°C. A single insulated conductor in air has 70 A rating.
Ampacity rating is normally for continuous current, and short periods of overcurrent occur without harm in most cabling systems. The acceptable magnitude and duration of overcurrent is a more complex topic than ampacity.
When designing an electrical system, one will normally need to know the current rating for the following:- Wires
- Printed Circuit Board traces, where included
- Fuses
- Circuit breakers
- All or nearly all components used
Some devices are limited by power rating, and when this power rating occurs below their current limit, it is not necessary to know the current limit to design a system. A common example of this is lightbulb holders.
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampacity]
Тематики
- электротехника, основные понятия
Синонимы
EN
DE
- Dauerstrombelastbarkeit, f
- Strombelastbarkeit, f
FR
- courant admissible, m
- courant permanent admissible, m
непрерывный ток
—
[Я.Н.Лугинский, М.С.Фези-Жилинская, Ю.С.Кабиров. Англо-русский словарь по электротехнике и электроэнергетике, Москва, 1999]Тематики
- электротехника, основные понятия
EN
Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > continuous current
-
19 current-carrying capacity
(длительный) допустимый ток
Максимальное значение электрического тока, который может протекать длительно по проводнику, устройству или аппарату при определенных условиях без превышения определенного значения их температуры в установившемся режиме
[ ГОСТ Р МЭК 60050-826-2009]
Этот ток обозначают IZ
[ ГОСТ Р 50571. 1-2009 ( МЭК 60364-1: 2005)]EN
(continuous) current-carrying capacity
ampacity (US)
maximum value of electric current which can be carried continuously by a conductor, a device or an apparatus, under specified conditions without its steady-state temperature exceeding a specified value
[IEV number 826-11-13]
ampacity
The current in amperes that a conductor can carry continuously under the conditions of use without exceeding its temperature rating.
[National Electrical Cod]FR
courant (permanent) admissible, m
valeur maximale du courant électrique qui peut parcourir en permanence, un conducteur, un dispositif ou un appareil, sans que sa température de régime permanent, dans des conditions données, soit supérieure à la valeur spécifiée
[IEV number 826-11-13]Ampacity, the term is defined as the maximum amount of current a cable can carry before sustaining immediate or progressive deterioration. Also described as current rating or current-carrying capacity, is the RMS electric current which a device can continuously carry while remaining within its temperature rating. The ampacity of a cable depends on:
- its insulation temperature rating;
- conductor electrical properties for current;
- frequency, in the case of alternating currents;
- ability to dissipate heat, which depends on cable geometry and its surroundings;
- ambient temperature.
Electric wires have some resistance, and electric current flowing through them causes voltage drop and power dissipation, which heats the cable. Copper or aluminum can conduct a large amount of current before melting, but long before the conductors melt, their insulation would be damaged by the heat.
The ampacity for a power cable is thus based on physical and electrical properties of the material & construction of the conductor and of its insulation, ambient temperature, and environmental conditions adjacent to the cable. Having a large overall surface area may dissipate heat well if the environment can absorb the heat.
In a long run of cable, different conditions govern, and installation regulations normally specify that the most severe condition along the run governs the cable's rating. Cables run in wet or oily locations may carry a lower temperature rating than in a dry installation. Derating is necessary for multiple circuits in close proximity. When multiple cables are near, each contributes heat to the others and diminishes the amount of cooling air that can flow past the individual cables. The overall ampacity of the insulated conductors in a bundle of more than 3 must be derated, whether in a raceway or cable. Usually the de-rating factor is tabulated in a nation's wiring regulations.
Depending on the type of insulating material, common maximum allowable temperatures at the surface of the conductor are 60, 75 and 90 degrees Celsius, often with an ambient air temperature of 30°C. In the U.S., 105°C is allowed with ambient of 40°C, for larger power cables, especially those operating at more than 2 kV. Likewise, specific insulations are rated 150, 200 or 250°C.
The allowed current in cables generally needs to be decreased (derated) when the cable is covered with fireproofing material.
For example, the United States National Electric Code, Table 310-16, specifies that up to three 8 AWG copper wires having a common insulating material (THWN) in a raceway, cable, or direct burial has an ampacity of 50 A when the ambient air is 30°C, the conductor surface temperature allowed to be 75°C. A single insulated conductor in air has 70 A rating.
Ampacity rating is normally for continuous current, and short periods of overcurrent occur without harm in most cabling systems. The acceptable magnitude and duration of overcurrent is a more complex topic than ampacity.
When designing an electrical system, one will normally need to know the current rating for the following:- Wires
- Printed Circuit Board traces, where included
- Fuses
- Circuit breakers
- All or nearly all components used
Some devices are limited by power rating, and when this power rating occurs below their current limit, it is not necessary to know the current limit to design a system. A common example of this is lightbulb holders.
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampacity]
Тематики
- электротехника, основные понятия
Синонимы
EN
DE
- Dauerstrombelastbarkeit, f
- Strombelastbarkeit, f
FR
- courant admissible, m
- courant permanent admissible, m
предельно допустимый ток
—
[Я.Н.Лугинский, М.С.Фези-Жилинская, Ю.С.Кабиров. Англо-русский словарь по электротехнике и электроэнергетике, Москва, 1999 г.]Тематики
- электротехника, основные понятия
EN
прочность печатной платы к токовой нагрузке
Свойство печатной платы сохранять электрические и механические характеристики после воздействия максимально допустимой токовой нагрузки на печатный проводник или металлизированное отверстие печатной платы.
[ ГОСТ Р 53386-2009]Тематики
EN
Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > current-carrying capacity
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